Comprehensive File handling python notes class 12 PDF

As we know, Files are an essential part of computers. Everything stored on the computer is saved in files. These files are a collection of bytes stored in computers. Data can be represented in specific forms in files. These files can be accessed at any time. These files are saved with an extension or file types. They need a specific program to read data and write data. 

 

For Ex. Documents can be opened and read through Word Processing software such as MS Word, OO Writer, Word Star, etc.

File handling is the process of handling data by software including IO operations. These files stored in a directory on a hard drive. Whenever any operation is carried out, the file is opened and make available to write upon on reading purposes on RAM. 

The computer has a powerful feature of saving data. As you know data means raw facts and figures. and meaningful data is known as information. These data can be stored in a file. Whenever users need such data, data can be presented by files.

 

1. Text Files: It has an extension .txt. It can be directly opened by a text editor like notepad, Wordpad, etc. It is capable to handle textual data and information. The text files contain a series of lines. A line is a set of characters or strings. These characters can be in ASCII or UNICODE form. In the text files, each line is terminated by ‘EOL-End Of Line’ i.e ‘/n’ in python. 
2. Binary Files: Binary files are capable to store large files such as images, videos, audio files, etc. These files have a specific pattern to read data in the correct type. These files don’t have any delimiter. They are easier and faster than text files. In binary files data interpreted by correct data type. Python provides specific functions to handles these data types and data files.
3. CSV (Comma Separated Values) Files: It is a plain text file that contains a list of data. CSV files can be opened and operated by MS Excel and allow to export and import data. It can handle big data.  All the values are separated by a comma.

In the next section of Comprehensive Notes on file handling python notes class 12 data file operations are listed out:

Data file operations

Text Files

In the next section of Comprehensive Notes on file handling python notes class 12 you will learn how to read the data from text file. 

Reading file

2) read(n): It read n number of characters from the beginning of the file. If the file contains less than n number of characters then it will read file up to EOF (End Of File).

 

3) readline(): It read a line from starting the place of the cursor where it’s placed up to EOL (End of Line). 

 

 

 

 

5) readlines(): To read specific lines from text file

 

 

When a variable is assigned with fileobject.readlines() it stores no. of lines in a list with starting index 0(zero).

The following functions are used to writing into files.

1. write(): It takes a string as a parameter to write in the file. ‘n’ is used to specify the end of the string.

2) writelines(): This method is used to write a sequence of lines, strings, tuples, etc in a file. 

 

Four lines created in a list l and written in a text file using writelines() function.

Manipulation of Data